After the Second World War, the Soviet Ukraine ended up with the borders extended West, with most of Ukrainian lands under one political state. As a result of a political compromise between the West and the Soviets, Ukraine, became one of the members of the United Nations.
Growth in United Nations membership, 1945-present
http://www.un.org/en/members/growth.shtml

In 1954, a controversial move by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev (himself an ethnic Ukrainian) transferred Crimea from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic to the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, carving it out of the larger Russian territory.
http://www.marctomarket.com/2014/02/a-short-history-of-ukraine-and-crimea.html
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